Bipolar disorder, previously known as manic depression, is a mental health condition characterized by extreme mood swings that include emotional highs (mania or hypomania) and lows (depression). Recognizing the symptoms of bipolar disorder is essential for early diagnosis and effective management. You can seek Improving Lives Counseling Services for proper diagnosis and treatment of bipolar disorder.
Let’s delve into the main symptoms of this complex disorder:
- Manic Episodes
One of the hallmark symptoms of bipolar disorder is the presence of manic episodes. During a manic episode, individuals may experience an elevated or irritable mood, increased energy levels, racing thoughts, reduced need for sleep, impulsivity, and engaging in risky behaviors, such as excessive spending or reckless driving. In fact, mania can significantly impact daily functioning and may require medical intervention.
- Hypomanic Episodes
Hypomania is a less severe form of mania but still involves noticeable changes in mood and behavior. The most common symptoms of hypomania include heightened creativity, increased productivity, talkativeness, inflated self-esteem, and a sense of euphoria. While hypomania may not cause severe impairment, it can progress to a full manic episode if left untreated.
- Depressive Episodes
In addition to manic or hypomanic episodes, individuals with bipolar disorder also experience depressive episodes. The common symptoms of depression include persistent feelings of sadness, hopelessness, fatigue, loss of interest in activities, changes in appetite or sleep patterns, difficulty concentrating, and thoughts of death or suicide. Depression in bipolar disorder can also be severe and debilitating.
- Mixed Episodes
Some individuals with bipolar disorder may experience mixed episodes, characterized by the co-occurrence of manic and depressive symptoms. During a mixed episode, a person may feel agitated, restless, hopeless, and have racing thoughts while also experiencing fatigue, guilt, and suicidal ideation. Remember, mixed episodes can pose a significant risk and require immediate medical attention.
- Cyclothymic Disorder
Cyclothymic disorder is a milder form of bipolar disorder characterized by numerous periods of hypomanic symptoms and depressive symptoms that do not meet the criteria for a full manic or depressive episode. In fact, individuals with cyclothymia may experience chronic mood instability, impacting their relationships and daily functioning.
- Psychosis
In some cases, severe episodes of mania or depression in bipolar disorder can lead to psychotic symptoms. The common psychotic features may include hallucinations, delusions, and impaired cognitive function. Remember, psychosis in bipolar disorder requires prompt evaluation and treatment to ensure safety and stabilization.
